Explore knowledge structures in a shared 3D rotation, compare groups, and trace ordered centroid paths to see how networks move over time.
TRAJECTORY ANALYSIS
FROM DATA TO INTERPRETATION
Move from a validated ENA dataset to interpretable spatial, network, statistical, and longitudinal views without leaving the workspace.
Build ENA from raw Excel or CSV data, or start with a reviewed sample or versioned .ena3d.json exchange file.
Choose ENA dimensions, groups, comparison settings, and plot controls.
Inspect networks, differences, statistics, and ordered centroid trajectories.
DESIGNED FOR RESEARCH
A visual analytics workspace should make complex relationships easier to examine while keeping analytical choices visible.
PAPERS & CITATION
If 3D ENA supports your analysis, cite the foundational method paper. The application studies below show how the approach has been used in educational research and political research.
Bibliographic details were checked against publisher and DOI records. View the source collection
Yu, J., Hu, D., & Wang, C.-H. (2024). Development of ENA 3D: A tool for epistemic network analysis in three-dimensional space. In Y. J. Kim & Z. Swiecki (Eds.), Advances in quantitative ethnography (pp. 152–165). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-76335-9_11
Yu, J., Hamilton, E., Wang, C.-H., & Hu, D. (2024). The application of ENA to political discourse in Taiwan: A case study. In Y. J. Kim & Z. Swiecki (Eds.), Advances in quantitative ethnography (pp. 273–287). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-76332-8_22
Tu, Y.-F., Hwang, G.-J., & Hu, D. (2025). Effects on the learning achievement, approaches to learning, and multi-stage reflection quality of students with different levels of digital self-efficacy in a data literacy course: An ARCS-based self-reflective online learning model. Computers & Education , 238 , 105397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2025.105397
TEAM
Nine scholars connect educational technology, learning analytics, learning sciences, artificial intelligence, mathematics and language education, pedagogy, and policy to make educational evidence more useful.
SCHOLARS
An interdisciplinary group united by a shared interest in how people learn, how evidence is modeled, and how technology can support better educational decisions.
Chair Professor
National Taichung University of Education
Prof. Hwang advances technology-enhanced learning through mobile and ubiquitous learning, game-based and flipped approaches, and artificial intelligence in education. His work connects intelligent learning design with evidence-based teaching and assessment.
National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
Dr. Tu studies how generative AI and digital learning shape learner perceptions, behavior, and outcomes. Her work combines educational data mining, visual and network analysis, and mobile-learning research to make learning processes more visible and actionable.
Educational researcher · Application developer
Developer of 3D ENA Version 2.0
Dr. Hu develops theory-informed learning environments and analytical tools that connect educational research with practical technology. His work uses learning analytics, network analysis, and AI to explain and improve learning.
Quantitative Ethnography · Application Development
3D ENA Research Group · Hong Kong BSc Computer Science · MA Psychology
Mr. Yu combines computer science and psychology to develop interactive tools for epistemic network analysis and quantitative ethnography. He is the key developer of 3D ENA 1.0. His research applies network analysis to political discourse, social-media data, and three-dimensional ENA visualization.
Assistant Professor · Curriculum and Instruction
The Education University of Hong Kong PhD · McGill University
Dr. Huang designs intelligent, adaptive learning environments and uses AI-enabled learning analytics to uncover cognitive, metacognitive, behavioral, and emotional patterns in learning trajectories. His work translates learning-science evidence into more effective teaching and learning.
Senior Lecturer · Mathematics Education
School of Mathematics and Information Science · Guangzhou University PhD · The University of Hong Kong
Dr. Kang researches how emotions, motivation, and culture shape mathematics learning. Her work combines educational measurement with quantitative and qualitative inquiry to understand differences in secondary students’ mathematical experiences.
Senior Lecturer · Applied Linguistics
School of Humanities · Foshan University
Dr. Wu studies digital literacy and the motivational and relational foundations of English-language learning. His research examines how teacher support, learner grit, engagement, and technology use shape EFL achievement.
Postdoctoral Fellow · Curriculum and Instruction
The Education University of Hong Kong
Dr. Cao researches how digital and AI-supported self-assessment can strengthen reflection, engagement, and learning in higher education. Her work connects educational technology with evidence-based assessment design and data-informed teaching.
Shadow Education · Education Policy
Member · HKU Shadow Education SIG PhD · The University of Hong Kong
Dr. Li studies shadow education and private tutoring through qualitative, social-network, and policy lenses. His work examines guanxi, brokerage, regulation, and educational equity within changing education systems.
Educational researcher · Application developer · Developer of 3D ENA Version 2.0
Dr. Peter Hu develops theory-informed, evidence-based learning environments and analytical tools that connect educational research with practical technology.
His work asks how learning technology can improve outcomes and how evidence from learning processes can explain and predict that progress.
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RESEARCH AGENDA
His research integrates experiment-based inquiry, learning analytics, and application development to study meaningful educational change.
EDUCATION
RESEARCH AREAS
3D ENA
Move directly into the complete interactive 3D ENA workspace.
The 3D ENA Version 2.0 project is inspired by the previous 3D ENA Version 1.0. Dr. Peter Hu is charge of revolutionizing the 3D ENA tool since 2026 July 17. Welcome research collaboration worldwide.